In order to study the effect of blasting on the broken rock zone, with the same depth, the same perimeter rock conditions of the five mining areas of the track under the mountain and the lower level of the lane and the second level of the west wing of the track alley was taken as the background of the project, on-site testing and theoretical calculations combined with the method of research was used in the roadway in the blasting excavation and excavation "static" excavation method under the conditions of the rule of law of the broken rock zone. The results showed that: the strength theory was used to calculate the change rule of perimeter rock loosening circle. The results showed that: the size of the loosening circle calculated by strength theory was smaller than the measured value on site, and the thickness of the loosening circle of the peripheral rock of the roadway excavated by blasting was generally larger than that of the loosening circle of the roadway excavated by the roadheader "quasi-static" excavation.