In order to evaluate the risk of water breakout of X14 collapsed column in front of 5-1022 roadway mining in Fenyuan Coal Industry, five main factors affecting the risk of water breakout of collapsed column were analyzed and determined according to the distribution characteristics of roadway and collapsed column, and the influence mechanism and index of each influence factor were divided, and the affiliation function was established by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the weight value of each influence factor was given. The fuzzy evaluation method was used to establish the affiliation function, the weight value of each influencing factor was given, and the sudden water risk of X14 collapsed column was got. The results showed that the column had a great risk of water breakout, and effective water breakout prevention measures must be taken before roadway mining.