In order to evaluate the stability of the roof of a deep protruding coal seam, the risk identification of hazardous and harmful factors in the recovery process of the No. 2 coal seam of Dongpang Mine was carried out by using the accident tree - hierarchical analysis. The influencing factors were classified and combined with expert opinions to establish a hierarchical structural model of the influencing factors on the stability of the roof plate the mine, with targeted measures. The use of accident tree - hierarchical analysis combined the advantages of the two evaluation methods, so that the qualitative and quantitative results complemented each other and made the evaluation results more scientific and reasonable. The results of the study indicated that the implementation of the roof management system, the fault fracture zone, the roof monitoring situation, and the roof softness dominated the various risk factors, and corresponding risk control measures were proposed for this conclusion.