Improving the comprehensive performance of the control system of the existing coal-fired power plant of Lvliangshan Coal and Power Company is an important basis for improving the operating efficiency of power plants and ensuring production safety. The basic characteristics of the control system of the existing coal-fired power plant of Lvliangshan Coal and Electricity Company were analyzed. From the overall plan of the control system and key systems, the optimization and improvement of the control system of the power plant was carried out, and the new control system was conducted with field tested analysis. The results showed that the new system could better meet the control and safety guarantee requirements of power plant equipment, with certain feasibility. This research played an important role in improving the work safety of power plants, and also provided a reference for further system optimization research in the future.