In order to effectively analyze the accuracy of multi-channel transient electromagnetic detection technology in roadway and ground, Dianping Mine was taken as an example, the water in the overlying goaf of No. 10 coal seam of the mine was detected. Based on the hydrological and geological conditions of No. 10 coal seam, numerical simulation was used to simulate the influence characteristics of the transient electromagnetic technology in the double-layer goaf, and the roadway was used in the 10-200 working face as the return air roadway. The ground-bound transient electromagnetic technology detected the amount of water accumulated on the No. 10 coal seam and verified the numerical simulation results. The results showed that the detection technology was in the double-layer goaf, when the upper and lower goaf were both determined low-resistance goaf or when the upper goaf was the determined high-resistance goaf, the lower layer was low-resistance mining. In the goaf area, the detection effect was good, and the recognition of the goaf in different horizons was high. The numerical simulation results were consistent with the measured results. There was water in the goaf in the No. 3 coal seam above the 10-200 working face.