According to the gravity anomaly and aeromagnetic anomaly plane characteristics in Anhui Province, the geophysical field characteristics of the Lianghuai coalfield were analyzed and discussed. The plane characteristics and regional characteristics of aeromagnetic and gravity anomalies were analyzed. The results showed that the regional planar features corresponded to the planar geological structural features. The regional aeromagnetic anomalies not only reflected the current distribution of the magnetic basement of the boundary, but also reflect the twisting and translation characteristics of the magnetic basement fault block. The gravity anomaly characteristics reflected the loose sedimentary characteristics and the distribution characteristics of the basement in the Mesozoic zone depression or fault basin, which was closely related to the density variation in the stratum.