In order to improve adhesion and corrosion resistance of the metal film layer and promoting lubricating in the cold working of metal phosphide, phosphorization for base metal must be carried out. Before phosphorization, the removal of oil, rust corrosion, oxide skin, and surface pretreatment should be carried out. The "four in one" phosphating formula was designed by the combination of degreasing, derusting, phosphating and surface adjustment. Phosphating solution formula was optimized by experiment. The optimal "four in one" phosphating solution was screened out. In particular, a comparative experiment of degreasing surfactants was carried out. The surfactant which is good for removing oil and speeding up acid washing is preliminarily screened out. When the ratio of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 2∶1, the oil removal efficiency is the highest, the surfactant is especially suitable for the phosphating workpiece with heavy oil.